data: Introduce Posting class.

Our version of Posting is interface-compatible with Beancount's,
but makes stronger guarantees about the data types for our
higher-level code to rely on.

conservancy_beancount/data.py

@@ -21,13 +21,14 @@ from beancount.core import account as bc_account
 from typing import (
     Iterable,
     Iterator,
+    MutableMapping,
     Optional,
 )
 
 from .beancount_types import (
     MetaKey,
     MetaValue,
-    Posting,
+    Posting as BasePosting,
     Transaction,
 )
 
@@ -43,7 +44,11 @@ class Account(str):
 
 
 class PostingMeta(collections.abc.MutableMapping):
-    def __init__(self, txn: Transaction, index: int, post: Optional[Posting]=None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self,
+                 txn: Transaction,
+                 index: int,
+                 post: Optional[BasePosting]=None,
+    ) -> None:
         if post is None:
             post = txn.postings[index]
         self.txn = txn
@@ -83,9 +88,20 @@ class PostingMeta(collections.abc.MutableMapping):
             del self.post.meta[key]
 
 
+class Posting(BasePosting):
+    account: Account
+    # mypy correctly complains that our MutableMapping is not compatible with
+    # Beancount's meta type declaration of Optional[Dict]. IMO this is a case
+    # of Beancount's type declaration being a smidge too specific: I think it
+    # would be very unusual for code to actually require a dict over a more
+    # generic mapping. If it did, this would work fine.
+    meta: MutableMapping[MetaKey, MetaValue]
+
+
 def iter_postings(txn: Transaction) -> Iterator[Posting]:
     for index, source in enumerate(txn.postings):
-        yield source._replace(
+        yield Posting(
-            account=Account(source.account),
+            Account(source.account),
-            meta=PostingMeta(txn, index, source),
+            *source[1:5],
+            PostingMeta(txn, index, source),
         )

conservancy_beancount/plugin/core.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import abc
 import datetime
 import re
 
+from .. import data
 from .. import errors as errormod
 
 from typing import (
@@ -36,7 +37,6 @@ from ..beancount_types import (
     MetaKey,
     MetaValue,
     MetaValueEnum,
-    Posting,
     Transaction,
     Type,
 )
@@ -177,43 +177,20 @@ class _PostingHook(TransactionHook, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
     def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
         cls.HOOK_GROUPS = cls.HOOK_GROUPS.union(['posting'])
 
-    def _meta_get(self,
-                  txn: Transaction,
-                  post: Posting,
-                  key: MetaKey,
-                  default: MetaValue=None,
-    ) -> MetaValue:
-        if post.meta and key in post.meta:
-            return post.meta[key]
-        else:
-            return txn.meta.get(key, default)
-
-    def _meta_set(self,
-                  txn: Transaction,
-                  post: Posting,
-                  post_index: int,
-                  key: MetaKey,
-                  value: MetaValue,
-    ) -> None:
-        if post.meta is None:
-            txn.postings[post_index] = Posting(*post[:5], {key: value})
-        else:
-            post.meta[key] = value
-
     def _run_on_txn(self, txn: Transaction) -> bool:
         return txn.date in self.TXN_DATE_RANGE
 
-    def _run_on_post(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting) -> bool:
+    def _run_on_post(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> bool:
         return True
 
     def run(self, txn: Transaction) -> errormod.Iter:
         if self._run_on_txn(txn):
-            for index, post in enumerate(txn.postings):
+            for post in data.iter_postings(txn):
                 if self._run_on_post(txn, post):
-                    yield from self.post_run(txn, post, index)
+                    yield from self.post_run(txn, post)
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def post_run(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting, post_index: int) -> errormod.Iter: ...
+    def post_run(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> errormod.Iter: ...
 
 
 class _NormalizePostingMetadataHook(_PostingHook):
@@ -232,11 +209,11 @@ class _NormalizePostingMetadataHook(_PostingHook):
     # _default_value to get a default. This method should either return
     # a value string from METADATA_ENUM, or else raise InvalidMetadataError.
     # This base implementation does the latter.
-    def _default_value(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting) -> MetaValueEnum:
+    def _default_value(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> MetaValueEnum:
         raise errormod.InvalidMetadataError(txn, post, self.METADATA_KEY)
 
-    def post_run(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting, post_index: int) -> errormod.Iter:
+    def post_run(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> errormod.Iter:
-        source_value = self._meta_get(txn, post, self.METADATA_KEY)
+        source_value = post.meta.get(self.METADATA_KEY)
         set_value = source_value
         error: Optional[errormod.Error] = None
         if source_value is None:
@@ -252,6 +229,6 @@ class _NormalizePostingMetadataHook(_PostingHook):
                     txn, post, self.METADATA_KEY, source_value,
                 )
         if error is None:
-            self._meta_set(txn, post, post_index, self.METADATA_KEY, set_value)
+            post.meta[self.METADATA_KEY] = set_value
         else:
             yield error

conservancy_beancount/plugin/meta_expense_allocation.py

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 from . import core
+from .. import data
 from ..beancount_types import (
     MetaValueEnum,
-    Posting,
     Transaction,
 )
 
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ class MetaExpenseAllocation(core._NormalizePostingMetadataHook):
         'Expenses:Services:Fundraising': VALUES_ENUM['fundraising'],
     }
 
-    def _run_on_post(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting) -> bool:
+    def _run_on_post(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> bool:
         return post.account.startswith('Expenses:')
 
-    def _default_value(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting) -> MetaValueEnum:
+    def _default_value(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> MetaValueEnum:
         return self.DEFAULT_VALUES.get(post.account, 'program')

conservancy_beancount/plugin/meta_tax_implication.py

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 import decimal
 
 from . import core
+from .. import data
 from ..beancount_types import (
-    Posting,
     Transaction,
 )
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class MetaTaxImplication(core._NormalizePostingMetadataHook):
         'W2',
     ], {})
 
-    def _run_on_post(self, txn: Transaction, post: Posting) -> bool:
+    def _run_on_post(self, txn: Transaction, post: data.Posting) -> bool:
         return bool(
             post.account.startswith('Assets:')
             and post.units.number