709 lines
30 KiB
TeX
709 lines
30 KiB
TeX
% gpl-buisness.tex -*- LaTeX -*-
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% Tutorial Text for the GPL for Businesspeople and Developers course
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%
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% Copyright (C) 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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% Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire document is permitted in
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% any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
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\documentclass[12pt]{report}
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% FILTER_PDF: \input{generate-pdf-file}
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% FILTER_HTML: \input{generate-html-file}
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%\setlength\parskip{0.7em}
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%\pagestyle{empty}
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\begin{document}
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\begin{titlepage}
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{\Large
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\begin{center}
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\vspace{.5in}
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{\sc The GNU General Public License for Businesspeople and Developers } \\
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\vspace{1in}
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A Tutorial By:
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\vspace{.3in}
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Bradley M. Kuhn
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Executive Director
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Free Software Foundation
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\end{center}
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}
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\vfill
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{\parindent 0in
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Copyright \copyright{} 2003 \hspace{.2in} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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\vspace{.3in}
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Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire document is permitted in
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any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
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}
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\end{titlepage}
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\begin{abstract}
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This tutorial gives a section-by-section explanation of the most popular
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Free Software copyright license, the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL),
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and teaches software developers, managers and businesspeople how to use
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the GPL and GPL'ed software successfully in new Free Software business and
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in existing, successful enterprises.
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Attendees should have a general familiarity with software development
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processes. A vague understanding of how copyright law applies to software
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is also helpful. The tutorial is of most interest to software developers
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and managers who run software businesses that modify and/or redistribute
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software under terms of the GNU GPL (or who wish to do so in the future),
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and those who wish to make use of existing GPL'ed software in their
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enterprise.
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This tutorial introduces the GNU GPL and its terms to professionals who
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are not well versed in the details of copyright law. Presented by a
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software developer and manager, this tutorial informs those who wish to
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have a deeper understanding of how the GNU GPL uses copyright law to
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protect software freedom and to assist in the formation of Free Software
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businesses, and of the organizatinoal motivations behind the GNU GPL.
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Upon completion of the tutorial, successful attendees can expect to have
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learned the following:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item the freedom-defending purpose of each term of the GNU GPL.
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\item the redistribution options under the GPL.
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\item the obligations when modifying GPL'ed software.
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\item how to properly apply the GPL to a new software.
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\item how to build a plan for proper and successful compliance with the GPL.
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\item the business advantages that the GPL provides.
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\item the most common business models used in conjunction with the GPL.
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\item how existing GPL'ed software can be used in existing enterprises.
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\end{itemize}
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\end{abstract}
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\chapter{What Is Free Software?}
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Consideration of the GNU General Public License (herein, abbreviated as
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``GNU GPL'' or just ``GPL'') must begin by first considering the broader
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world of ``Free Software''. The GPL was not created from a void, rather,
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it was created to embody and defend a set of principles that were set
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forth at the founding of the GNU project and the Free Software Foundation
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(FSF)---the organization that upholds, defends and promotes the philosophy
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of software freedom. A prerequisite for understanding the GPL and its
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terms and conditions is a basic understanding of the principles behind it.
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The GPL is unlike almost all other software licenses in that it is
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designed to defend and uphold these principles.
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\section{The Free Software Definition}
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The Free Software Definition is set forth in full on FSF's website at
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\href{http://www.fsf.org/philosophy/free-sw.html}{http://www.fsf.org/philosophy/free-sw.html}.
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This section presents an abbreviated version that will focus on the parts
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that are most pertinent to the terms of the GPL\@.
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A particular program is Free Software if it grants a particular user of
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that program, the following freedoms:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item the freedom to run the program for any purpose.
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\item the freedom to change and modify the program.
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\item the freedom to copy and share the program.
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\item the freedom to share improved versions of the program.
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\end{itemize}
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The focus on ``a particular user'' is very pertinent here. It is not
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uncommon for the same version of a specific program to grant these
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freedoms to some subset of its user base, while others have none or only
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some of these freedoms. Section~\ref{relicensing} talks in detail about
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how this can happen even if a program is released under the GPL\@.
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Some people refer to software that gives these freedoms as ``Open
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Source''. Besides having a different political focus than those who call
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it Free Software\footnote{The political differences between the Free
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Software Movement and the Open Source Movement are documented on FSF's
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website at
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\href{http://www.fsf.org/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html}
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{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html}.},
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those who call the software ``Open Source'' are focused on a side issue.
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User access to the source code of a program is a prerequisite to make use
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of the freedom to modify. However, the important issue is what freedoms
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are granted in the license of that source code. Microsoft's ``Shared
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Source'' program, for example, gives various types of access to source
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code, but almost none of the freedoms described in this section.
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One key issue that is central to these freedoms is that there are no
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restrictions on how these freedoms can be excercised. Specifically, users
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and programmers can exercise these freedoms non-commercially or
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commercially. Licenses that grant these freedoms for non-commercial
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activies but prohibit them for commercial activites are considered
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non-Free.
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In general, software for which most or all of these freedoms are
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restricted in any way is called ``non-Free Software''. Typically, the
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term ``proprietary software'' is used more or less interchangably with
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``non-Free Software''. Personally, I tend to use the term ``non-Free
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Software'' to refer to non-commercial software that restricts freedom
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(such as ``shareware'') and ``propreitary software'' to refer to
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commercial software that restricts freedom (such as nearly all of
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Microsoft's and Oracle's offerings).
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The remainder of this section considers each of the four freedoms in
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detail.
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\subsection{The Freedom to Run}
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For a program to be Free Software, the freedom to run the program must be
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completely unrestricted. This means that any use for that software that
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the user can come up with must be permitted. Perhaps, for example, the
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user has discovered an innovative new use for a particular program, one
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that the programmer never could have predicted. Such a use much not be
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restricted.
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It was once rare that this freedom was restricted by even proprietary
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software; today it is not so rare. Most End User Licensing Agreements
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(EULAs) that cover most proprietary software restrict some types of use.
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For example, some versions of Microsoft's Frontpage software prohbit use
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of the software to create websites that generate negative publicity for
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Microsoft. Free Software has no such restrictions; everyone is free to
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use Free Software for any purpose whatsoever.
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\subsection{The Freedom to Change and Modify}
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Free Software programs allow users to change, modify and adapt the
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software to suit their needs. Access to the source code and related build
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scripts are an essential part of this freedom. Without the source code
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and the ability to build the binary applications from that source, the
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freedom cannot be properly exercised.
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Programmers can take direct benefit from this freedom, and often do.
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However, this freedom is essential to users who are not programmers.
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Users must have the right to engage in a non-commercial enviornment of
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finding help with the software (as often happens on email lists and in
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users groups). This means they must have the freedom to recruit
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programmers who might altrusitcally assist them to modify their software.
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The commercial exercise of this freedom is also essential. Each user, or
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group of users, must have the right to hire anyone they wish on a
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competitive free market to modify and change the software. This means
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that companies have a right to hire anyone they wish to modify their Free
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Software. Additionally, such companies may contract with other companies
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to commission software modification.
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\subsection{The Freedom to Copy and Share}
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Users may share Free Software in a variety of ways. Free Software
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advocates work to eliminate fundamental ethical delimema of the software
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age: choosing between obeying a software license, and friendship (by
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giving away a copy of a program your friend who likes the software you are
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using). Free Software licenses, therefore, must permit this sort of
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altruistic sharing of software amoung friends.
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The commercial enviornment must also have the benefits of this freedom.
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Commercial sharing typically takes the form of selling copies of Free
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Software. Free Software can be sold at any price to anyone. Those who
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redistribute Free Software commercially have the freedom to selectively
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distribute (you can pick your customers) and to set prices at any level
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the redistributor sees fit.
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It is true that many people get copies of Free Software very cheaply (and
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sometimes without charge). The competitive free market of Free Software
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tends to keep prices low and reasonable. However, if someone is willing
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to pay a billion dollars for one copy of the GNU Compiler Collection, such
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a sale is completely permited.
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Another common instance of commercial sharing is service-oriented
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distribution. For example, a distribution vendor may provide immediate
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security and upgrade distribution via a special network service. Such
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distribution is completely permitted for Free Software.
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\subsection{The Freedom to Share Improvements}
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The freedom to modify and improve is somewhat empty without the freedom to
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share those improvements. The Free Software community is built on the
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pillar of altruistic sharing of improved Free Software. Inevitably, a
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Free Software project sprouts a mailing list where improvements are shared
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freely among members of the development community. Such non-commercial
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sharing must be permitted for Free Software to thrive.
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Commercial sharing of modified Free Software is equally important. For a
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competitive free market for support to exist, all developers --- from
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single-person contractors to large software companies --- must have the
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freedom to market their services as improvers of Free Software. All forms
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of such service marketing must be equally available to all.
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For example, selling support services for Free Software is fully
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permitted. Companies and individuals can offer thesmelves as ``the place
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to call'' when software fails or does not function properly. For such a
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service to be meaningful, the entity offering that service must have the
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right to modify and improve the software for the customer to correct any
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problems that are beyond mere user error.
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Entities must also be permitted to make available modified versions of
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Free Software. Most Free Software programs have a so-called ``canonoical
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version'' that is made available from the primary developers of the
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software. Hoewver, all who have the software have the ``freedom to fork''
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--- that is, make available non-trivial modified versions of the software
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on a permenant or semi-permenant basis. Such freedom is central to
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vibrant developer and user interaction.
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Companies and individuals have the right to make true value-added versions
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of Free Software. They may use freedom to share improvements to
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distribute distinct versions of Free Software with different functionality
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and features. Furthermore, this freedom can be exercised to serve a
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disenfranchised subset of the user community. If the developers of the
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canonical version refuse to serve the needs of some of the software's
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users, other entities have the right to create long- or short-lived fork
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that serves that sub-community.
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\section{How Does Software Become Free?}
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\appendix
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\chapter{The GNU General Public License}
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\begin{center}
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{\parindent 0in
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Version 2, June 1991
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Copyright \copyright\ 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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\bigskip
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59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
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\bigskip
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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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}
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\end{center}
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\begin{center}
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{\bf\large Preamble}
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\end{center}
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The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to
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share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
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intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software---to
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make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public
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License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to
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any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free
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Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public
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License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.
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Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the
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freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service
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if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it,
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that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs;
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and that you know you can do these things.
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to
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deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These
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restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
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distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or
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for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You
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must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And
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you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2)
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offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
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distribute and/or modify the software.
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that
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everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If
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the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its
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recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any
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problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors'
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reputations.
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents.
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We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will
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individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
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proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must
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be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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modification follow.
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\begin{center}
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{\Large \sc Terms and Conditions For Copying, Distribution and
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Modification}
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\end{center}
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%\renewcommand{\theenumi}{\alpha{enumi}}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\addtocounter{enumi}{-1}
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\item
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This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice
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placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the
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terms of this General Public License. The ``Program'', below, refers to
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any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program'' means either
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the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a
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work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with
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modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter,
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translation is included without limitation in the term ``modification''.)
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Each licensee is addressed as ``you''.
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
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running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
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is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
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Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
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\item You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source
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code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously
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and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice
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and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to
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this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other
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recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program.
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You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you
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may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
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\item
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You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
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of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
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distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
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above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item
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You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that
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you changed the files and the date of any change.
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\item
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You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
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whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
|
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part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
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parties under the terms of this License.
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\item
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If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
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when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
|
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interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
|
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announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
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notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
|
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a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
|
|
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
|
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License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
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does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
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the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
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\end{enumerate}
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
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identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
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and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
|
|
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
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distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
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on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
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this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
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entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
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your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
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exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
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collective works based on the Program.
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
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a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
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the scope of this License.
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\item
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You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
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under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
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Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item
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Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
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1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
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\item
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Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
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years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
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cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
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machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
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|
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
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customarily used for software interchange; or,
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\item
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Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
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to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
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allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
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received the program in object code or executable form with such
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an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
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\end{enumerate}
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|
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The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
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making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
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|
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
|
|
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
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|
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
|
|
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
|
|
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
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|
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
|
|
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
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itself accompanies the executable.
|
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|
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
|
|
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
|
|
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
|
|
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
|
|
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
|
|
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
|
|
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
|
|
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
|
|
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
|
|
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
|
|
parties remain in full compliance.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
|
|
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
|
|
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
|
|
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
|
|
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
|
|
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
|
|
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
|
|
the Program or works based on it.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
|
|
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
|
|
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
|
|
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
|
|
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
|
|
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
|
|
this License.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
|
|
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
|
|
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
|
|
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
|
|
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
|
|
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
|
|
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
|
|
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
|
|
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
|
|
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
|
|
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
|
|
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
|
|
|
|
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
|
|
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
|
|
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
|
|
circumstances.
|
|
|
|
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
|
|
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
|
|
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
|
|
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
|
|
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
|
|
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
|
|
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
|
|
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
|
|
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
|
|
impose that choice.
|
|
|
|
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
|
|
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
|
|
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
|
|
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
|
|
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
|
|
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
|
|
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
|
|
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
|
|
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
|
|
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
|
|
address new problems or concerns.
|
|
|
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
|
|
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
|
|
later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions
|
|
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
|
|
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
|
|
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
|
|
Foundation.
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
|
|
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
|
|
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
|
|
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
|
|
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
|
|
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
|
|
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
{\Large\sc
|
|
No Warranty
|
|
}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
{\sc Because the program is licensed free of charge, there is no warranty
|
|
for the program, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Except when
|
|
otherwise stated in writing the copyright holders and/or other parties
|
|
provide the program ``as is'' without warranty of any kind, either expressed
|
|
or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of
|
|
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk as
|
|
to the quality and performance of the program is with you. Should the
|
|
program prove defective, you assume the cost of all necessary servicing,
|
|
repair or correction.}
|
|
|
|
\item
|
|
{\sc In no event unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing
|
|
will any copyright holder, or any other party who may modify and/or
|
|
redistribute the program as permitted above, be liable to you for damages,
|
|
including any general, special, incidental or consequential damages arising
|
|
out of the use or inability to use the program (including but not limited
|
|
to loss of data or data being rendered inaccurate or losses sustained by
|
|
you or third parties or a failure of the program to operate with any other
|
|
programs), even if such holder or other party has been advised of the
|
|
possibility of such damages.}
|
|
|
|
\end{enumerate}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
{\Large\sc End of Terms and Conditions}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\pagebreak[2]
|
|
|
|
\section*{Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs}
|
|
|
|
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
|
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
|
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
|
|
terms.
|
|
|
|
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to
|
|
attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey
|
|
the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
|
|
``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
|
|
|
\begin{quote}
|
|
one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does. \\
|
|
Copyright (C) yyyy name of author \\
|
|
|
|
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
|
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
|
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
|
|
(at your option) any later version.
|
|
|
|
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
|
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
|
|
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
|
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
|
|
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
|
|
\end{quote}
|
|
|
|
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
|
|
|
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
|
|
when it starts in an interactive mode:
|
|
|
|
\begin{quote}
|
|
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) yyyy name of author \\
|
|
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. \\
|
|
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
|
|
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
|
|
\end{quote}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The hypothetical commands {\tt show w} and {\tt show c} should show the
|
|
appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands
|
|
you use may be called something other than {\tt show w} and {\tt show c};
|
|
they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever suits your
|
|
program.
|
|
|
|
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
|
|
school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
|
|
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
|
|
|
|
\begin{quote}
|
|
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program \\
|
|
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. \\
|
|
|
|
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 \\
|
|
Ty Coon, President of Vice
|
|
\end{quote}
|
|
|
|
|
|
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
|
|
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
|
|
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
|
|
with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
|
|
General Public License instead of this License.
|
|
|
|
\end{document}
|