Termination section rewrite.
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gpl-lgpl.tex
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gpl-lgpl.tex
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@ -3233,79 +3233,35 @@ pathological case\footnote{Theoretically, a user could collect copyright
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\section{GPLv3~\S8: A Lighter Termination}
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\section{GPLv3~\S8: A Lighter Termination}
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% FIXME: probably mostly still right, needs some updates, though.
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GPLv2 provided for automatic termination of the rights of a person who
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GPLv2 provided for automatic termination of the rights of a person who
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copied, modified, sublicensed, or distributed a work in violation of the
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copied, modified, sublicensed, or distributed a work in violation of the
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license. Automatic termination can be too harsh for those who have committed
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license. Automatic termination can be too harsh for those who have committed
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an inadvertent violation, particularly in cases involving distribution of
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an inadvertent violation, particularly in cases involving distribution of
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large collections of software having numerous copyright holders. A violator
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large collections of software having numerous copyright holders. A violator
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who resumes compliance with GPLv2 would need to obtain forgiveness from all
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who resumes compliance with GPLv2 technically needs to obtain forgiveness
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copyright holders, but even to contact them all might be impossible.
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from all copyright holders, and even contacting them all might be impossible.
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% FIXME: needs to be updated to describe more complex termination
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GPLv3~\S8 replaces now grants opportunities for provisional and permanent
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reinstatement of rights. The termination procedure provides a limited
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Section 8 of GPLv3 replaces automatic termination with a non-automatic
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opportunity to cure license violations. If a licensee has committed a
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termination process. Any copyright holder for the licensed work may opt to
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terminate the rights of a violator of the license, provided that the
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copyright holder has first given notice of the violation within 60 days of
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its most recent occurrence. A violator who has been given notice may make
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efforts to enter into compliance and may request that the copyright holder
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agree not exercise the right of termination; the copyright holder may choose
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to grant or refuse this request.
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% FIXME: needs to be updated to describe more complex termination
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If a licensee who is in violation of GPLv3 acts to correct the violation and
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enter into compliance, and the licensee receives no notice of the past
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violation within 60 days, then the licensee need not worry about termination
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of rights under the license.
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In Draft 3 the termination provision of section 8 has been revised to
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indicate that, if a licensee violates the GPL, a contributor may terminate
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any patent licenses that it granted under the first paragraph of section 11
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to that licensee, in addition to any copyright permissions the contributor
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granted to the licensee. Therefore, a contributor may terminate the patent
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licenses it granted to a downstream licensee who brings patent infringement
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litigation in violation of section 10.
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We have made two substantive changes to section 8. First, we have clarified
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that patent rights granted under the GPL are among the rights that a
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copyright holder may terminate under section 8. Therefore, a contributor who
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grants a patent license under the first paragraph of section 11 may terminate
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that patent license, just as that contributor may terminate copyright rights,
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to a downstream recipient who has violated the license. We think that this
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is a reasonable result, and was already implicit in the wording of the
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termination provision in our earlier drafts. Moreover, this clarification
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should encourage patent holders to make contributions to GPL-covered
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programs.
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Second, we have modified the termination procedure by providing a limited
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opportunity to cure license violations, an improvement that was requested by
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many different members of our community. If a licensee has committed a
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first-time violation of the GPL with respect to a given copyright holder, but
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first-time violation of the GPL with respect to a given copyright holder, but
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the licensee cures the violation within 30 days following receipt of notice
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the licensee cures the violation within 30 days following receipt of notice
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of the violation, then any of the licensee's GPL rights that have been
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of the violation, then any of the licensee's GPL rights that have been
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terminated by the copyright holder are ``automatically reinstated.'' The
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terminated by the copyright holder are ``automatically reinstated''.
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addition of the cure opportunity achieves a better balance than our earlier
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section 8 drafts between facilitating enforcement of the license and
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protecting inadvertent violators against unfair results.
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Finally, if a licensee violates the GPL, a contributor may terminate any
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patent licenses that it granted under GPLv3~\S11, in addition to any
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copyright permissions the contributor granted to the licensee.
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% FIXME-LATER: write more here, perhaps linking up to enforcement
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We have restructured the form of section 8 by replacing non-automatic
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termination with automatic termination coupled with opportunities for
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provisional and permanent reinstatement of rights. The revised wording does
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not alter the underlying policy or details of procedure established in the
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previous drafts, including the 60-day period of repose and 30-day cure
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opportunity for first-time violators. The restoration of automatic
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termination was motivated in part to facilitate enforcement in European
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countries. We also believe the revised wording will be easier to understand
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and apply in all jurisdictions.
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\section{GPLv3~\S9: Acceptance}
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\section{GPLv3~\S9: Acceptance}
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% FIXME: needs some work here
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% FIXME: needs some work here
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Section 9 means what it says: mere receipt or execution of code neither
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GPLv3~\S9 means what it says: mere receipt or execution of code neither
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requires nor signifies contractual acceptance under the GPL. Speaking more
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requires nor signifies contractual acceptance under the GPL. Speaking more
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broadly, we have intentionally structured our license as a unilateral grant
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broadly, we have intentionally structured our license as a unilateral grant
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of copyright permissions, the basic operation of which exists outside of any
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of copyright permissions, the basic operation of which exists outside of any
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